Le città in cui i redditi sono più uguali

Come potrebbe apparire un'America con l'uguaglianza dei redditi? Forse un po 'come Romeoville, Illinois, o Spring Hill, nel Tennessee. Quando si parla di distribuzione del reddito, questi posti sono tra i più uguali del paese, secondo uno studio di Investmentmatome.

Certamente, la disuguaglianza di reddito esiste ancora tra le famiglie in queste comunità, ma la disparità tra ricchi e poveri è molto minore che altrove negli Stati Uniti, dove il divario si è allargato.

Nel 2007, la famiglia media nel 5% più alto aveva un reddito 26 volte più alto della famiglia media nel 20% inferiore e nel 2013 tale differenza era aumentata di quasi 30 volte, secondo i dati della comunità americana del Census Bureau degli Stati Uniti Sondaggio.

Misurare la disuguaglianza

La disuguaglianza economica può essere misurata in molti modi, ad esempio attraverso la distribuzione della ricchezza o del consumo. Per questo studio, abbiamo scelto di concentrarci sulla distribuzione del reddito familiare in oltre 1.500 città degli Stati Uniti. Per determinare dove esistono la maggiore parità di reddito e la maggiore disuguaglianza, abbiamo utilizzato l'indice Gini, che è anche noto come coefficiente di Gini. Questo indice misura la misura in cui la distribuzione del reddito differisce dall'uguaglianza perfetta.

Cosa significano i numeri

Un indice Gini pari a zero, che indica la perfetta uguaglianza, significherebbe che ogni famiglia negli Stati Uniti ha avuto lo stesso reddito. All'estremo opposto dello spettro, un indice di 100 significherebbe che una singola famiglia ha ricevuto l'intero reddito del paese. L'indice Gini per gli Stati Uniti è 48 prima degli effetti ridistributivi di imposte e trasferimenti, come la sicurezza sociale e il welfare. Le città degli Stati Uniti coprono un ampio intervallo sull'indice, da 27 a 63.

Questa misura relativa della distribuzione del reddito non racconta l'intera storia, comunque. Di per sé, l'indice Gini può indicare l'uguaglianza dei redditi di una città, ma non la salute economica della comunità. Per avere un'idea di questa immagine, l'indice può essere associato ai dati sul reddito mediano di una città.

Di seguito sono elencate le città degli Stati Uniti che sono le entrate più e meno uguali. Abbiamo incluso i dati sul reddito medio per il 20% superiore e il 20% più basso delle famiglie in ogni città per presentare una stima del livello assoluto di ricchezza in ciascuna area.

Dai numeri

59: L'indice Gini di Harrison, New York, che è tra i più alti negli Stati Uniti e indica che le differenze economiche tra residenti ricchi e poveri sono tra le più grandi.

$936,926: La differenza a Newport Beach, in California, tra il reddito medio per il 20% inferiore delle famiglie e il 5% più alto.

$108,032: La differenza, una delle più piccole della nazione, a Romeoville, nell'Illinois, tra il reddito medio per il 20% inferiore delle famiglie e il 20% più alto.

31 volte: La differenza a New Orleans, in Louisiana, tra il reddito medio del 20% superiore e il 20% inferiore delle famiglie.

Le città più uguali dell'America per reddito

Rango	Città e provincia	Indice Gini	Famiglia media reddito per fondo 20%	Famiglia media reddito per il 20% medio	Reddito familiare medio per il 20% superiore	Reddito mediano delle famiglie
1	Romeoville, Illinois	30.36	$24,315	$67,645	$132,347	$66,034
2	Spring Hill, Tennessee	30.96	$26,735	$74,214	$157,191	$75,390
3	Oswego, Illinois	31.69	$30,326	$92,716	$191,082	$92,142
4	Kyle, in Texas	32.12	$23,274	$75,966	$151,363	$76,141
5	Wylie, in Texas	32.43	$27,443	$82,046	$170,856	$82,036
6	Riverton, Utah	32.54	$31,771	$84,042	$190,321	$82,373
7	Andover, Minnesota	32.65	$30,091	$92,015	$188,847	$92,399
8	Cottage Grove, Minnesota	32.67	$27,358	$79,672	$172,203	$79,137
9	West Jordan, Utah	32.8	$21,750	$66,668	$141,025	$66,263
10	South Jordan, Utah	32.96	$32,932	$87,577	$199,260	$86,775
11	Indipendenza, Kentucky	33.01	$18,155	$65,413	$133,275	$64,297
12	Plainfield, Illinois	33.08	$36,265	$107,304	$228,633	$107,932
13	Roy, Utah	33.18	$18,860	$59,779	$126,575	$59,468
14	Horn Lake, Mississippi	33.59	$14,756	$47,200	$100,597	$46,935
15	Little Elm, in Texas	33.61	$25,371	$78,936	$168,719	$77,612
16	Derby, Kansas	33.62	$20,758	$64,844	$142,393	$65,412
17	Maricopa, in Arizona	33.64	$23,831	$66,029	$150,381	$64,705
18	Ramsey, Minnesota	33.74	$30,860	$83,443	$191,655	$82,099
19	La Vergne, Tennessee	33.77	$21,755	$54,987	$132,820	$53,498
20	New Lenox, Illinois	33.78	$27,914	$90,567	$192,568	$90,950
21	Corinto, in Texas	33.84	$26,634	$90,093	$193,627	$88,713
22	Syracuse, Utah	33.85	$30,813	$84,617	$194,438	$83,963
23	Flower Mound, in Texas	34.15	$41,879	$121,737	$280,414	$121,605
24	Spanish Fork, Utah	34.16	$20,809	$61,258	$138,464	$62,073
25	Rosemount, Minnesota	34.27	$27,864	$90,630	$197,690	$90,012
26	South Elgin, Illinois	34.45	$24,609	$82,677	$177,675	$81,566
27	Apex, North Carolina	34.63	$27,594	$91,980	$199,557	$89,269
28	Champlin, Minnesota	34.71	$27,639	$81,569	$187,463	$82,270
29	Rowlett, in Texas	34.73	$25,143	$83,074	$184,714	$83,002
30	Homer Glen, Illinois	34.77	$27,417	$92,148	$206,443	$92,841
31	Watauga, in Texas	34.92	$16,601	$61,217	$134,471	$60,138
31	Lago nelle colline, Illinois	34.92	$25,289	$83,836	$188,002	$82,987
33	La Puente, California	35.24	$17,654	$54,656	$127,825	$54,510
34	Bowie, nel Maryland	35.31	$31,217	$103,878	$235,727	$103,618
34	Lehi, Utah	35.31	$26,478	$74,949	$181,527	$74,566
36	Fiume Elk, Minnesota	35.39	$23,080	$75,747	$170,762	$73,586
37	O'Fallon, Missouri	35.52	$22,735	$76,263	$173,021	$76,691
38	Parker, Colorado	35.54	$26,964	$95,328	$215,081	$96,429
38	Sorpresa, Arizona	35.54	$16,792	$57,024	$131,680	$56,741
40	Bartlett, Illinois	35.78	$27,126	$96,839	$217,977	$97,590
41	Bartlett, Tennessee	35.84	$27,070	$78,413	$191,021	$79,116
42	St. Peters, Missouri	35.94	$20,912	$68,576	$160,988	$68,329
43	Moorpark, California	35.96	$29,300	$100,975	$237,894	$100,477
44	Mount Juliet, Tennessee	36.04	$19,433	$69,121	$159,724	$68,986
44	North Ridgeville, Ohio	36.04	$19,764	$65,274	$152,610	$65,255
46	Ankeny, Iowa	36.06	$18,834	$72,236	$163,028	$71,469
46	Wentzville, nel Missouri	36.06	$23,238	$70,779	$176,097	$68,765
48	Oviedo, in Florida	36.07	$22,638	$82,221	$189,178	$82,143
48	Pelham, Alabama	36.07	$21,129	$68,651	$161,315	$68,347
50	Villa Park, Illinois	36.08	$18,461	$72,735	$159,942	$72,831

Le città meno uguali dell'America per reddito

Rango	Città e provincia	Indice Gini	Reddito medio delle famiglie per il 20% inferiore	Reddito medio delle famiglie per il 20% medio	Reddito medio delle famiglie per il 20% superiore	Reddito mediano delle famiglie
1	Cookeville, Tennessee	63.48	$2,666	$27,389	$176,180	$27,090
1	Beverly Hills, California	63.48	$14,055	$91,971	$662,761	$89,225
3	Miami Beach, in Florida	61.07	$8,840	$42,209	$276,750	$42,295
4	East Lansing, Michigan	60.78	$4,178	$32,919	$202,562	$32,644
4	Napoli, in Florida	60.78	$13,217	$79,251	$499,784	$77,294
6	Atene, Ohio	60.74	$2,520	$17,566	$123,872	$17,774
7	Carbondale, Illinois	59.95	$1,483	$17,801	$111,250	$17,236
8	Blacksburg, Virginia	59.69	$2,889	$31,627	$179,237	$30,883
9	Ithaca, New York	59.31	$600	$28,179	$144,947	$28,208
10	Harrison, New York	58.62	$21,857	$108,302	$632,220	$104,340
10	State College, Pennsylvania	58.62	$2,451	$27,146	$141,020	$26,529
12	Atlanta, Georgia	58.59	$6,865	$47,022	$254,085	$46,783
13	Monroe, in Louisiana	58.23	$5,863	$27,247	$161,512	$26,630
14	West Lafayette, Indiana	57.34	$3,437	$29,875	$154,217	$29,901
14	Bloomington, Indiana	57.34	$3,009	$28,232	$142,916	$27,393
16	Sandy Springs, Georgia	57.13	$12,634	$61,267	$347,238	$60,777
17	Harvey, Illinois	56.91	$669	$19,500	$91,816	$19,531
18	Hattiesburg, Mississippi	56.89	$4,926	$26,432	$136,075	$25,991
19	Winter Park, in Florida	56.79	$13,274	$60,685	$340,382	$60,434
20	College Station, Texas	56.4	$3,763	$31,476	$159,595	$30,947
21	Statesboro, Georgia	56.36	$2,309	$21,681	$98,797	$21,375
22	New Orleans, in Louisiana	56.24	$5,784	$36,099	$177,840	$35,837
23	Miami, Florida	56.11	$6,218	$30,223	$155,335	$30,126
24	Urbana, Illinois	56.07	$3,214	$28,628	$137,229	$28,085
25	Oxford, Ohio	55.55	$3,001	$33,478	$154,086	$34,159
26	Cincinnati, Ohio	55.22	$4,943	$32,733	$151,700	$32,316
27	Chapel Hill, North Carolina	55.09	$7,635	$65,732	$298,119	$63,757
28	Greenville, Carolina del Sud	55.05	$7,018	$39,860	$192,954	$39,591
29	Galveston, in Texas	55.04	$6,352	$38,690	$176,812	$38,218
30	Coral Gables, in Florida	54.84	$15,456	$91,511	$422,713	$91,019
31	Ruston, in Louisiana	54.83	$2,017	$26,328	$115,477	$25,315
32	Newport Beach, California	54.81	$18,018	$107,755	$504,144	$107,257
32	Summit, New Jersey	54.81	$27,126	$117,674	$605,420	$115,184
34	Berkeley, California	54.69	$6,918	$62,951	$272,963	$62,761
35	Bonita Springs, in Florida	54.64	$12,857	$51,286	$256,573	$51,009
36	Contea di Atene-Clarke, Georgia	54.6	$3,726	$32,010	$139,988	$31,884
37	Texarkana, in Texas	54.51	$7,669	$38,530	$170,701	$38,826
38	Providence, Rhode Island	54.48	$6,176	$36,878	$165,352	$36,700
39	Atlantic City, New Jersey	54.42	$5,636	$26,813	$124,957	$26,511
40	New York City, New York	54.38	$9,119	$51,828	$233,613	$51,526
41	Starkville, Mississippi	54.27	$4,175	$29,563	$134,256	$30,220
42	Lago Oswego, Oregon	54.22	$16,876	$79,280	$377,492	$78,555
43	Dallas, Texas	54.19	$9,237	$42,537	$202,654	$42,026
44	Auburn, Alabama	54.17	$4,301	$39,613	$168,316	$39,378
45	Kent, Ohio	54.03	$5,123	$34,262	$151,147	$33,280
46	Tampa, in Florida	54.02	$8,450	$42,259	$196,934	$41,927
47	West Hollywood, California	54	$9,444	$54,428	$244,730	$52,829
48	Statesville, Carolina del Nord	53.97	$7,302	$31,845	$148,760	$31,546
49	Myrtle Beach, South Carolina	53.96	$9,627	$35,965	$177,810	$34,621
50	Fayetteville, Arkansas	53.81	$5,261	$37,285	$165,035	$36,619

Città in cui la disuguaglianza di reddito è diminuita di più dal 2007 al 2013

Rango	Città e provincia	Indice Gini nel 2007	Reddito medio delle famiglie per il 20% in meno nel 2007	Reddito medio delle famiglie per il 20% medio nel 2007	Reddito medio delle famiglie per il 20% superiore nel 2007	Reddito familiare medio nel 2007	Indice Gini nel 2013	Reddito medio delle famiglie per il 20% in meno nel 2013	Reddito medio delle famiglie per il 20% medio nel 2013	Reddito medio delle famiglie per il 20% superiore nel 2013	Reddito familiare medio nel 2013	Riduzione dell'indice Gini 2007-2013
1	Laguna Hills, California	54.6	$22,039	$102,043	$487,580	$100,869	45.8	$23,145	$92,650	$311,930	$92,294	8.78
2	Tupelo, Mississippi	54.1	$8,253	$45,320	$201,640	$44,113	47.2	$9,214	$41,831	$142,068	$41,465	6.94
3	Portsmouth, Ohio	54.8	$5,236	$23,456	$116,502	$23,301	48.2	$7,436	$29,256	$109,214	$28,956	6.59
4	South Pasadena, California	51.7	$18,283	$86,035	$352,968	$85,878	45.3	$21,522	$81,494	$280,208	$81,398	6.4
4	Alessandria, Louisiana	56.7	$7,222	$32,762	$173,529	$32,721	50.3	$7,959	$34,338	$139,827	$34,197	6.4
6	New Braunfels, in Texas	44.2	$13,799	$60,543	$182,613	$60,075	37.8	$15,876	$56,597	$138,802	$56,391	6.36
7	Sarasota, in Florida	57.3	$10,792	$44,586	$246,859	$44,015	51.1	$10,402	$42,064	$177,344	$42,782	6.24
8	Fitchburg, Massachusetts	48.6	$11,029	$49,920	$172,834	$49,241	42.4	$10,024	$43,962	$124,522	$44,312	6.18
9	Ruston, in Louisiana	60.9	$3,712	$29,384	$168,404	$27,808	54.8	$2,017	$26,328	$115,477	$25,315	6.07
10	Ridgecrest, California	46.0	$10,763	$56,990	$178,352	$57,209	40.0	$12,556	$58,449	$145,634	$57,708	6.05
11	Moorpark, California	41.5	$26,607	$102,920	$290,865	$101,237	36.0	$29,300	$100,975	$237,894	$100,477	5.54
11	Carteret, New Jersey	45.9	$9,494	$56,761	$176,807	$57,614	40.4	$10,961	$58,350	$139,640	$57,763	5.54
13	Duncanville, in Texas	42.6	$14,835	$55,580	$166,843	$54,343	37.3	$16,817	$54,865	$139,960	$55,619	5.26
14	Tuscaloosa, Alabama	56.9	$5,083	$32,564	$164,741	$32,103	51.7	$6,842	$37,331	$151,364	$37,901	5.18
15	Aiken, Carolina del Sud	51.8	$9,389	$54,418	$226,576	$53,934	46.7	$10,374	$52,488	$175,070	$51,627	5.1
16	Quincy, Illinois	48.0	$9,746	$39,491	$141,745	$39,517	42.9	$9,999	$39,001	$117,108	$38,805	5.06
17	Perla, Mississippi	44.4	$10,235	$41,640	$132,038	$41,481	39.4	$13,354	$45,340	$122,814	$46,474	4.98
18	Columbus, Nebraska	42.3	$13,546	$49,915	$146,483	$50,423	37.3	$15,724	$47,877	$123,789	$47,265	4.97
19	Madera, California	45.5	$13,191	$44,846	$152,779	$45,476	40.7	$10,449	$41,130	$113,102	$40,975	4.77
20	Saratoga, California	49.6	$28,176	$156,584	$576,900	$154,223	44.9	$33,323	$175,597	$535,514	$170,373	4.73
21	Spartanburg, South Carolina	54.4	$7,526	$35,503	$162,659	$36,216	49.7	$5,380	$32,870	$117,571	$33,381	4.68
22	Northport, Alabama	45.0	$7,308	$47,930	$135,345	$48,414	40.3	$11,632	$50,395	$128,354	$50,617	4.68
23	Dana Point, California	51.3	$19,521	$91,643	$366,963	$91,751	46.6	$19,693	$82,738	$289,429	$81,584	4.67
24	Bethel Park, in Pennsylvania	42.5	$17,188	$66,316	$190,411	$66,427	37.9	$19,963	$70,737	$174,450	$71,229	4.6
25	Charleston, Illinois	57.6	$3,675	$23,811	$134,131	$23,381	53.1	$5,807	$26,960	$127,896	$26,521	4.54
26	Parkland, in Florida	43.9	$30,296	$117,590	$364,832	$116,726	39.6	$37,604	$125,865	$344,270	$126,105	4.34
27	Wake Forest, Carolina del Nord	42.4	$19,340	$68,003	$207,257	$66,228	38.2	$19,271	$80,102	$193,760	$78,791	4.21
28	Columbus, Indiana	46.9	$12,964	$54,439	$188,779	$53,347	42.7	$13,984	$54,785	$161,626	$54,877	4.19
29	Lake Forest, Illinois	56.6	$36,063	$175,360	$953,476	$169,278	52.4	$27,948	$159,681	$686,283	$152,415	4.17
30	Ferguson, Missouri	46.0	$9,459	$40,325	$132,633	$40,737	41.8	$7,439	$39,074	$101,810	$39,377	4.16
31	Fredericksburg, Virginia	52.4	$12,030	$49,027	$213,400	$48,208	48.3	$10,250	$48,869	$178,601	$47,945	4.11
32	Rocky Mount, Carolina del Nord	48.3	$6,866	$40,607	$142,041	$40,454	44.2	$8,931	$36,086	$113,190	$36,308	4.08
32	Sumter, South Carolina	52.5	$8,707	$33,650	$156,287	$33,114	48.4	$7,650	$38,644	$141,415	$38,825	4.08
34	Bessemer, Alabama	50.6	$7,133	$31,578	$130,098	$31,582	46.6	$5,398	$28,838	$96,060	$28,991	4.01
35	Ponca City, Oklahoma	47.4	$10,696	$42,708	$149,976	$42,568	43.4	$10,792	$40,011	$124,122	$40,059	3.98
36	Bartlesville, Oklahoma	49.0	$11,274	$46,860	$175,373	$46,874	45.1	$11,581	$48,465	$157,570	$47,928	3.91
37	Cornelius, North Carolina	48.4	$25,681	$87,450	$351,005	$85,970	44.6	$20,920	$75,984	$248,865	$76,959	3.84
38	Odessa, Texas	46.9	$11,033	$47,554	$162,088	$47,102	43.1	$13,968	$54,427	$164,470	$54,009	3.82
39	Eureka, California	46.3	$8,027	$35,155	$123,505	$34,962	42.5	$9,870	$37,808	$113,453	$37,683	3.76
40	Williamsport, Pennsylvania	48.2	$6,562	$30,540	$111,285	$30,245	44.5	$7,697	$34,839	$106,912	$35,096	3.71
41	Lake Havasu City, Arizona	45.2	$13,913	$46,714	$162,078	$45,969	41.5	$11,559	$42,065	$123,231	$41,533	3.68
42	Watertown, New York	45.8	$8,641	$37,168	$121,474	$37,099	42.1	$9,453	$38,874	$108,903	$38,736	3.67
43	Edinburg, in Texas	49.0	$5,177	$34,759	$121,509	$33,429	45.3	$8,193	$43,602	$131,233	$44,066	3.66
44	Salisbury, Carolina del Nord	50.6	$8,619	$42,016	$163,898	$41,880	47.0	$8,113	$34,737	$120,413	$35,036	3.64
45	New Bern, North Carolina	49.0	$7,350	$37,341	$133,262	$36,624	45.4	$7,390	$42,551	$125,555	$42,691	3.63
46	Villa Park, Illinois	39.6	$18,092	$72,031	$186,927	$72,347	36.1	$18,461	$72,735	$159,942	$72,831	3.52
46	Corsicana, Texas	48.1	$7,945	$35,009	$125,578	$35,217	44.6	$8,766	$35,636	$114,720	$36,022	3.52
48	Crown Point, Indiana	43.4	$18,073	$62,285	$193,186	$60,465	39.9	$16,127	$61,219	$161,425	$61,574	3.46
48	Big Spring, Texas	46.1	$7,694	$33,527	$114,075	$32,641	42.6	$10,230	$44,584	$130,506	$43,993	3.46
50	Marion, Iowa	41.9	$17,024	$59,096	$171,192	$59,815	38.4	$16,124	$64,859	$155,497	$64,582	3.46

Metodologia

Per trovare i luoghi in cui i redditi della nazione sono il più e il meno uguali, abbiamo classificato le città utilizzando l'indice Gini dell'United American Census Bureau's 2013 American Community Survey.

Per trovare le città in cui l'uguaglianza dei redditi è aumentata, abbiamo osservato il cambiamento assoluto dell'indice Gini dal 2007 al 2013.

Lehi, Utah, immagine tramite iStock.